Reactive Neuromuscular Training: Enhancing Stability and Balance for Individuals with Movement Disabilities

Introduction:

Reactive Neuromuscular Training (RNT) combined with BlazPods presents a novel and engaging approach to exercise, particularly for individuals living with movement disabilities such as Down Syndrome (DS) and Ataxia Cerebral Palsy (CP). RNT feeds the dysfunction you’re trying to correct by allowing it to teach the body how to correct itself. BlazPods are small round lights that light up and are used in rehabilitation to improve stability, balance, reaction time, and cognition. While research on RNT with BlazPods for DS and CP individuals is scarce, this innovative training method promises to improve stability, balance, and overall motor function in people with a movement disability. In my blog, I will explain why I use this method and explore the significance of RNT and BlazPods, specifically focusing on how the primary motor cortex responds to this type of training.

The Integration of RNT and BlazPods:

RNT and BlazPods utilize a technique to restore joint stability by assisting the central nervous system (CNS) in integrating sensory information with motor commands through subconscious reaction to the stimulus provided by the resistance band and color lights. Rather than relying on verbal cues from an exercise professional, the emphasis is placed on proprioceptive input provided by the color light. This approach accelerates the integration and processing of peripheral sensory information within the CNS to elicit an optimal motor response.

The Role of the Primary Motor Cortex:

The primary motor cortex in the brain’s frontal lobe plays a pivotal role in intentional movement preparation. Individuals with frontal lobe damage, particularly in the premotor cortex or supplementary motor area (SMA), may face challenges in programming complex movement sequences and coordinating bilateral movements. Research suggests that the SMA selects movements based on remembered sequences. By programming the BlazPods to repeat specific movement sequences multiple times, the supplementary motor area can be targeted effectively, aiding in the selection and execution of movements.

Optimizing Resistance and Movement Sequences:

When implementing RNT with BlazPods, for the lower body, it is essential to use a light resistance and a loop band placed around the knees or ankles of both lower limbs. Then place the colored lights in a pattern that is easy-to-follow that allows for comfortable movement of the limb to not overstimulate the CNS by having a too-hard-to-initiate sequence. For an individual with ataxia right-side hemiplegia, applying that limb with too much resistance restricts limb movement, hindering the lower limbs’ ability to overcome the force. Slow and comfortable progressions are necessary so the person builds confidence in the chosen movement sequences. Hence, they optimize the functionality of initiation, stopping, and inhibitory control during the activity, ensuring the most effective motor response is developed.

RNT can be incorporated into daily activities by performing calf raisers at the kitchen counter or balancing on one limb and lifting the knee to the top of the kitchen counter. These movements stimulate sensory input to the CNS, triggering an efferent response that improves specific muscle activation and dynamic stability. Another goal of RNT is to produce muscle co-activation before perturbation to minimize joint and tissue loading. Allowing closed kinetic chain movement, like shifting our body weight from one limb to the next, engages joint mechanoreceptors of the ground limb. This leads to the co-activation of muscles surrounding the hip, knee, and ankle target joints, promoting enhanced stability and functional movement.

Conclusion:

Reactive Neuromuscular Training combined with BlazPods offers a promising avenue to enhance stability, balance, and overall motor function for individuals with movement disabilities like DS and CP. Although research on this specific population is limited, integrating RNT and BlazPods provides a unique and engaging approach to exercise. By targeting the primary motor cortex and optimizing resistance and movement sequences, individuals can experience improved motor control and functionality. I will continue to apply this practical application and, over time, report back with a deeper understanding of the long-term benefits of RNT and BlazPods for individuals with movement disabilities.